Role of Cortical Astrocytes Underlying Early Life Adversity

Disturbed parental care resulting from low socioeconomic conditions can lead to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE). Adolescence, a critical developmental period marked by the maturation of both neurobiological and psychological functions, is particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of early life stress. Such stress often contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders. Therefore, understanding the neurobiological impacts of ACE during this period is crucial for tracking developmental trajectories and devising effective remedial measures. Exposure to limited bedding and nesting (LBN) during the postpartum phase in animal models can simulate several aspects of ACE by creating a challenging upbringing environment. This model often leads to adverse behavioral outcomes, such as deficits in social preference and heightened drug reward sensitivity. Our recent studies have shown that LBN induces a social preference deficit in male offspring and exacerbates morphine reward sensitivity in both male and female offspring during adolescence. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these behavioral changes remain unclear. This research aims to elucidate a novel mechanism linking adolescent behavioral dysregulation to astrocyte autophagy and neuroinflammation. Additionally, it seeks to explore the efficacy of nurturing interventions in counteracting the detrimental effects of early life stress, potentially leading to improved strategies for addressing ACE-related neurodevelopmental issues.